Building



(No Model.) 7 sheets-sheet 1.

W. E. STEARNS.

BUILDING.

No. 495,070t Patented Apr. l1, 1893.

(No Model.) r 7 Sheets-Sheet 2. W. E. STEARNS.

BUILDING.

No. 495,070. Patented Apr.. 11, 1893.

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W. E. STBARNS.

BUILDING?x v No. 495,070. Patented Apr. 11', 1893.

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BUILDING.

No. 495,070. Patented Apr. 11, 1893.

(No Model.)

'I Sheets-Sheet 5: W. E. STBARNS.

BUILDING.

No.- 495,070i Patented Apr. 1l, 1893.

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BUILDING.

No.. 495,070. PatentadApr. 11, 1893.

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BUILDING. K No. 495,970. Patented Apr. 11, 1893..

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YVILLIAM E. S'PEARNS, VOF BERLIN, ASSIGNOR TO TI-I BERLIN IRON BRIDGE COMPANY, OF EAST BERLIN, CONNECTICUT.

BUILDING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 495,070, dated April 11, 1893.

Application filed February 1, 1893- Serial No. 460,532. (No model.)

y To @ZIJ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. STEAnNs, a citizen of the 4United States, residing at Berlin, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Buildings, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvementsin buildings for use as cotton or woolen mills or other large buildings; and the main objects of my improvement are to construct a building that shall be Well lighted, Well braced in every direction, give the greatest floor space when the land to be built upon is limited in area, that can be built more economically and more rapidly, and in all seasons, than is possible in the case ot buildings with side and end Walls of brick or masonry, and at the same time one that will meet the approval of insurance companies. f

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of a portion of my building showing the front or longest side. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a portion of my building showing one ot the vertical posts at the end and one of the inner supporting posts. Fig. 1` is a like view of another portion showing two of the inner supporting posts. Fig. 1c is a plan view of a portion at the roof showing one of the end panels. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section of a portion of said building. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of a portion of the same on the line y y of Fig. 1,some of the parts being broken away in order to show parts underneath the same. Figli is a front elevation at the base of one of the front posts and adjacent parts. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of said post with the ooring and facing boards in section. Fig. 6 is a rear or inside elevation of said posts. Fig. 7 is a front elevation of the posts at one of the upper stories. Fig. S is a side elevation of the same with a section of the flooring dac. Fig. 9 is a rear or inside elevation of a portion of the posts shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 10 is a sectional plan View of the same. Fig. 11 is a front elevation ot a part of one of the front posts at the connection thereof with the knee brace. Fig. 12 is a side elevation of the saine. Fig. 13 is a rear elevation with the knee brace in vertical section. Fig. 14 is a side elevation of one of the front posts at its connection with the rafter. Fig. 15 is a front elevation of the saine. Fig. 16 is a rear or inside elevation of the same. 17 is a side elevation showing the connection oli the'inner supporting posts with the floor beams, one of the door beams being removed and the connecting bolts being shown in section. Fig. 18 is an elevation showing the lower end of the knee brace. Figli) isa plan view of the casting for connecting the ripper end of the knee brace with the door beams. Fig. 20 is an end view of said casting with a sectional View of the knee brace on the line e 5 of Fig. 17. Fig. 21 is a horizontal section of the pint-le at the connecting ends of the door beams, the same being on the line w w of Fig. 17, the connecting bolts being shown in elevation. Fig. 22 is a vertical section of said pintle and supporting post on the line n. u of said Fig. 17. Fig. 23 is a side elevation showing the inner side of the end post at the floor connection, and Fig. 2e is a front view of the same with the door beams in vertical section. Figs. 2 and 3 are on a somewhat smaller scale than Figs. 1, 1, 1b and 1, and all of the views afterFig. 3 are on a larger scale.

My building is specially adapted for construction with a sash covering over substantially the whole of the sides and ends of the building. The particular arrangement of the sash and surrounding facing are not material to my improvement and may be changed as diierent uses or convenience may require. I forni the front and rear or longest sides of the building of vertical iron or steel posts 25 set at suitable distances apart and connected together by horizontal struts and diagonal sway rods 27 between all or part ot' said posts as may be desired. On the outside of these posts I arrange purlins 2S which are covered with suitable stools 29 upon which to secure the sash 30. The spaces between the sash and above and below it may be covered by any desired finish. The ends ofthe building may be constructed in substantially the same way. I prefer to form the vertical posts 25 of two channel irons connected together by lattice bars 31. In the interior portion of the building I arrange supporting posts 32 of wood, the same being arranged in line with the front and rear posts and connected therewith Fig. I

IOO

the ground floor may extend to the front and; rear and answer as a substitute for the. bottom purlin.

By the foregoing construction I am enabled to erect a strong and durable building, which is well braced in every direction and lirmly tied together, while at the same time the sides and ends are in skeleton form and may be vss mainly covered by sash so asto more eectively light a very wide building, which cannot be the case when the sides and ends are constructed of brick or masonry walls ot' the requisite strength.

The above general plan may be somewhat varied in detail, but in order to disclose one form of construction for the same, l will describe'in detail the preferred construction of the various parts.

The posts 25, I prefer to construct of two channel irons 39 arranged with their fiat faces confronting each other and held at suitable distances apartby lattice bar straps 31. At

the base of these posts I secure any suitable foot or iinishing piece upon one 0r both sidesy of which are the lianges 40, between which the ends of. the sway rods 27 may be inserted and secured thereto by bolts or pins 41. The

ends of theloor beams 33 may be placed in `r between the channel irons 39 of the posts and firmly secured at the base by means of wooden strips 42 on each side thereof and bolts 43 extending through said iloor beams and strips as shown in the detailed views, Figs. 4 and 5.

Upon the floor beams, the planks 37 extendlengthwise of the building and the tiooring 38 extends diagonally thereto.

stool 29 that forms the base on which the sash 30 rests. connect the vertical posts by the struts 26 which may be formed of two channel irons. The floor beams 33 arein like manner inserted between the channel irons of the vertical posts with their front and rear ends resting upon the cross tie 44 as shown by the detailed views, Figs. 7, 8, 9 and 10. The wooden supporting posts 32 at the interior of the building are provided with av pintle 45 at the upper stories, said pintle having `a Iianged base 46 to receive the upper end of the lower post and a flat plate or cap 47 to receive the base of the supporting post for the iloor above. The ends of the door beams 33 rest upon the tianged base and enter in between the vertical flanges of the pintle as best shown in Figs. 17 and 21. The tie rods 35 extend through a I also provide knee braces 36cm-y `said floor beamsand casting.

In the sides and ends, the floor may be iinished by the cap or At the floor for the upper stories I hole or eye in the middle of the pintle and lie in between the pairs of floor beams. These tie rods are provided with adjusting nuts or turn buckles 48 for tightening the rods. The tie rods as before rspecified extend through the building from one of the vertical posts at the front to another vertical post at the rear. The feet of the knee braces 36 are secured to the front and rear posts by means of the inclined cross` ties 49, said knee braces being constructed of two angle irons with their horizontal flanges riveted to said inclined cross tie as shown in the detailed views, Figs. 11, 12 and 13. The foot lor lower end ot`y these knee braces at the wooden posts may be secured by means of angle plates 50 riveted to the iianges of said brace and secured to said wooden posts by bolts 51 extending through the angle irons of two adjoining braces as n shown in the detailed View of Figs. 17 and 18.

The upper ends ot the knee braces 36V I secure f of this casting is provided with a vertical flange 54 towhich the.angleirons-forming the brace 36 are riveted, one upon' each side, as shown at the right hand end ot' the detailed View, Fig. 17 and in Fig. 20. At the upper ends ot' the posts 25 isa cross tie 55 upon which the ends of .the rafters rest, said rafters`34 enteringin between the channel irons of `said post all as shown in the detailed views, Figs. 14, 15 and 16. The sway rods 27 for the upper stories may be connected with the post by bolts or pins extending through the `struts and suitable flanges riveted to said posts.

While the posts for the ends of the building may be substantially the same as for the front and rear or two longest sides, they should be so set as to have the space between their channel irons extend from `front to rear. Upon the front and rear sides of these posts,I arrange cross ties or plates 56 upon which to rest a single door beam 333, the same extending through the .space between the channel irons of said post. On the inside of the building at these posts, I place ya wooden connecting strip 57 and secure this and said single iioor beams firmly together by means of bolts 58 as shown in the detailed views, Figs. 23 and 24. The floor is laid upon these beams in the sam-e manner as upon the double floor beams and finished by a corresponding cap or stool 29. The roof may be braced at its end panels or between any two `adjoining rafters by means of struts 60 and diagonal braces 51 as shown in Fig. 1. The upper ends of the knee braces which connect the Vertical iron post and inner wooden post with the rafters may be formed in the same manner as the lower ends of said braces that connect them with the wooden posts 32.

The end panels in the floors for the upper The lower part IDOv IIO

stories may be strengthened by struts and diagonal braces in the same manner as illustrated for the roof in Fig. 1c. I also brace the inner portion ot' the building by struts and between pairs of the inner supporting posts or between the end vertical posts and tbe adjoining inner supporting post. Said struts lmay be formed of iron as at 260 in Fig. l or of wood as at 2G6,Fig. lb, the sway rods being the same as before described. These sway rods may be placed between as many of the inner supporting posts as may be desired. Sway rods at every fifth pair of posts will ordinarily be sufficient.

I claim as my invention- 1. A building comprising the vertical iron or steel post, the connectiugstruts, the diagonal sway rods between said posts, the purlins for securing the sash and facing boards, the floor beams extending transversely of the building and arranged in pairs between said Vertical posts, the inner supporting posts, the transverse tie rods extending between said pairs of floor beams from post to post and the kneev braces at the junction of the posts and iioor beams, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

2. A building comprising the vertical iron or steel posts, the connectingstruts, the diagonai sway rods between said posts, the purlins for securing the covering, the door beams eX- tending transversely of the building, the inner supporting posts, the knee braces at the junction of said posts and floorbeams, the tie rods also extending transversely with the building, and the tloor consisting of two thicknesses, one of which extends diagonally, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

3. In a building, the cross frame consisting ot' front and rear vertical posts, the floor beams arranged in pairs,the inner supporting posts, the tie rods extending between said door beams from the front to the rear posts and the knee braces in the angles formed by said door beams and posts, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

4. In a building the combination of the post 25 formed of two members connected by straps, the cross tie 44 between said members, the iloor beams in pairs with their outer ends resting between the two members of said post, l

the tie rod with its end through said posts and a support for the opposite end of said floor .s

beams and tie rods, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

5. In a building the combination of the in-V ner` supporting posts 32, the hanged pintle between the ends of said posts at the floors for the upper stories, the floor beams in pairs with their ends resting on said pintle and the tie rod between the tloorbeams extendingthrough an eye in said pintle,substantiallyas described and for the purpose specified.

WILLIAM E. STEARNS.

Witnesses:

Guo. H. Snes, J. H. EDWARDS. 

